s# Definition / Flashcards
Food Crops
Grains
Rice
?
- Staple food in India
- Kharif Crop
- Requires high temperature (<25C)
- Annual rainfall >100cm
- Grown in N-NE, coastal and deltaic regions.
Wheat
? Second most important cereal crop. Main food crop in north-west India
- Rabi Crop
- Needs cool temperature and bright sunlight.
- Annual rainfall 50-75cm
- Grown in Ganga-Satluj plains, black soil region in Deccan
- Punjab, Haryana, UP, Bihar, RJ, MP
Millets
?
- Jowar, Bajra, Ragi
- Coarse grains but high nutritional value.
- It is rainfed (hardly needs irrigation)
Maize
?
- Food + Fodder
- Kharif Crop
- Requires between 21-27C
- Grows well in old alluvial soil.
- Grown in: Karnataka, UP, Bihar, AP, Telangana, MP
Pulses
?
- India is the largest producer as well as consumers.
- Source of protein
- Pulses: Arhar, Urad, moong, masur, peas and gram.
- Need less moisture
- Leguminous → Nitrogen fixation
- Grown in: MP, UP, RJ, MH, Karnataka
Other than Grain
Sugarcane
?
- Tropical and Subtropical Crop
- Hot and Humid climate; 21-27C
- Annual rainfall 75-100cm.
- Needs manual labour and can be grown in many regions.
- Source for sugar, gur, khandsari and molasses.
- Grown in- UP, MH, KT, TN, AP, TL, Bihar, Punjab and Haryana
- India is Second largest producer after Brazil
Oil Seeds
?
- 12% of total cropped area
- Main oilseeds are
- Groundnut
- Til
- Mustard
- Coconut
- Linseed
- Sunflower
Groundnut:
?
- Kharif Crop
- Gujarat Largest produced
Tea
?
- Plantation
- Tropical and Sub-tropical
- Requires warm, moist and frost-free climate
- Deep, well drained and fertile soill
- Grown in- Assam, Darjeeling, TN, HP, WK, AP, Tripura, Meghalaya
Coffee
?
- Arabica coffee initially brought from Yemen.
- Grown in- Nilgiri in Karnataka, Kerala, TN
Horticulture Crops
?
- Second largest producer
- Temperate and Tropical Fruits are produced.
- Produces 13% of world’s vegetables
Non-Food Crops
Rubber
?
- Equatorial Crop, but also grown in tropical and subtropical regions.
- Moist and Humid Climate (>25C)
- Annual Rainfall >200cm
- Grown in- Kerala, TN, Karnataka, A&N Islands, Garo Hills
Fibre Crops
? Cotton, Jute, Hemp, and natural silk.
- The rearing of silk is known as {{sericulture}}
Cotton
?
- Grows well in Black Cotton Soil of the Deccan Plateau.
- High Temperature, 210 frost-free days, and bright sunlight and light rainfall
- Kharif Crop
- Grown in- MH, Gujarat, MP, Karnataka, AP, Tl, TN, Punjab, Haryana, UP
Jute
?
- Known as golden Fibre
- Well-drained fertile soils in the flood plains.
- High temperature
- Grown in- WB, Assam, Odisha and Meghalaya
- Used for making gunny bags, mats, ropes, yarn, and carpets.
- High Cost